Adhesive Capsulitis: Current Concepts

Adhesive capsulitis is a common disorder of the shoulder with unknown etiology. It presents with insidious onset of pain accompanied by progressive stiffness and loss of both active and passive range of motion. Adhesive capsulitis is a diagnosis of exclusion and can only be made once other pathologies have been ruled out. The progression and risk factors associated with the disease necessitate individualized patient approaches for pain reduction and functional improvements. This review outlines what is currently understood about the progression of the disease and what treatments have been shown to be efficacious. Despite decades of research into the underlying causes, progression, and treatment, much is still unknown about the condition. The pathology and risk factors for adhesive capsulitis should continue to guide further research to better understand the triggers for adhesive capsulitis and its treatment. Review Article